Stripping a UK O2 Samsung Galaxy SIII Mini down to the bare essentials

The company I work for have recently issued all On Call engineers in my team a Samsung Galaxy SIII Mini to give us access to company e-mail and resources out of hours. Rather than shipping a customized image, we have received a stock O2 imaged mobile, and so this is my limited guide to bringing this to as close to “Stock” Android as I can manage (or want).

Most of what we need is provided to us using a commercial solution called Touchdown, so I won’t be covering that here, as whatever you get shipped to you will not include that. I’ve elected not to use the device for my personal systems, barring my Google calendar, which means I’ll stand a fighting chance of not booking overtime and other work things for personal appointments.

So, on power-on, I completed the post-install steps, including setting up my Google account. I decided not to keep the device in sync with my Google account, as I already have a few other Android devices, and I don’t want to get my work infrastructure mixed up with my home kit.

Next, I went into Settings, and from there into the Google Account. I clicked on my e-mail address and unselected the following options:

  • Sync App Data
  • Sync Contacts
  • Sync Gmail
  • Sync Internet
  • Sync People details

After that, I went into Application Manager (again, in Settings), and swapped to the “All” tab. Firstly, I needed to clear out the downloaded contacts, which I did by selecting Contacts Storage, and then pressing the “Clear Data” button.

Next, I disabled all the applications that I either don’t need, or don’t want on my work phone. I did this by selecting each in turn, and then selecting the option to disable them. Here’s the list:

  • Amazon MP3
  • eBay
  • Flipboard
  • Gallery
  • Game Hub
  • Gmail
  • Google Play Books
  • Google Play Magazines
  • Google Play Music
  • Google+
  • Music
  • O2 Space
  • S Planner
  • S Planner Widget
  • S Suggest
  • S Voice
  • Samsung Account
  • Samsung Apps
  • Samsung Backup Provider
  • Samsung Browser SyncAdapter
  • Samsung Calendar SyncAdapter
  • Samsung Cloud Data Relay
  • Samsung Contact SyncAdapter
  • Samsung Push Service
  • Samsung Syncadapters
  • Tags
  • Talk
  • Talkback
  • Video Hub
  • Yahoo! Finance
  • Yahoo! News
  • YouTube

Wow, isn’t that a list!

My next step was to hide some of the applications I don’t need. To do this, I went into the applications page, pressed the menu button, and selected “Hide applications”. This puts selection boxes next to all the applications on the page, and once you’ve done selecting options, press “Done” in the top right corner to hide them. Here’s my list:

  • Contacts
  • Downloads
  • E-Mail
  • FM Radio
  • Google Settings
  • Help
  • Memo
  • Music Player
  • My Files
  • Video Player
  • Voice Recorder
  • Voice Search

Lastly, installed a couple of applications from the Play Store:

Once I’d got Agenda Widget Plus, and Google Keyboard configured, I hid those applications in the applications pane too.

After all of that, I set up Touchdown… which you’ll need to follow up though your own instructions!

One final thing before I wrap this all up… even though I’m on-call, this doesn’t include being engaged via e-mail. As such, my e-mail doesn’t need to disturb me, and so I’ve disabled the touchdown application’s notifications for e-mail. To do this, go into Touchdown, make sure you’re at the “main” screen (not the default e-mail screen, but the one which also includes all your tasks and calendar options), and then press the menu button, press “Settings”, and select the “Advanced” tab. Scroll right to the bottom of the list, and press the “Email Alerts” button. Select “Customize settings” and then select appropriate options. If you leave nothing ticked, all you’ll get is a flag in the notifications tray showing an e-mail has appeared. Personally, I’ve turned on “Enable lights” and picked a colour, so I can quickly see whether I’ve had a mail just by checking the screen.

The noisy pub, a wifi parable

We’ve all been there – you’re the first in the pub, and you start a conversation with a mate and you’re both talking normally, then someone else comes in and you start having to talk louder, or you start missing what the other person says… it’s even worse if you’re in a weird part of the pub, you know, where you’re stood either side of a pillar and you can’t quite make out what your friend is saying because they keep moving just out of view. OK, so maybe the last bit is a bit of a stretch, but this is a bit like what happens with wifi. If you were in a pub and you couldn’t talk, you’d move to somewhere it’s easier to hear them, or you’d maybe even consider leaving the pub. With wifi you don’t have this option… but you can do some things to fix the problem.

This post was inspired by a short conversation I had yesterday, starting with this exchange:

@GizziErskine:  I hate the Internet in my house. I hate it I hate it I hate it. #hate (Link)

@jontheniceguy: @GizziErskine what’s wrong with the internet access in your house? Slow, unreliable or randomly rubbish? Happy to try to troubleshoot! (Link)

@GizziErskine: @jontheniceguy only works one side of my very tiny flat but does work the other side when it fancies it. (Link)

The solution? Well, first thing is first, you need to work out what exactly you’re fixing. You can install a WiFi analyser (this handy free android app is what I use at home) to see whether you’re getting a signal from your access point (sometimes it’s part of the router or modem you got from your ISP) at the place where you’re having issues.

Signal meter for android wifi analyser
The signal meter display in the wifi analyser application. It’s simple display makes it very simple to determine where you’re having wifi issues, and why.

A quick win might just be to move the router around a bit until you get a stronger signal, and it’s usually best to put the antennas on your access point (if you have them) to about a 45 degree angle to the floor, and as high up as possible. You might want to review this article for some pro tips on where to put it!

Aside from that, your next best bet is to get a wifi extender installed into your house. There are a few different models from a wide variety of vendors, but this one seems like the easiest I’ve found.

Image of the TP-Link TL-WPA4220KIT AV500 Powerline 300M Wi-Fi Booster/Extender with Two LAN Ports Kit
TP-Link TL-WPA4220KIT AV500 Powerline 300M Wi-Fi Booster/Extender with Two LAN Ports Kit as found at Amazon

Essentially, with this produce, there are two boxes, one that you plug a network cable into your router and into the wall, and the other you plug somewhere in the area where you’ve got little or no coverage. The network signals travel over your mains cabling, which you’ve got strung around your house anyway, and so can give you more coverage. Of course, it’s still a signal being broadcast (albeit just down a wire), so in a large block of flats you might get some interference from other devices on the same bit of wire, and some older models (with no encryption) reported that people a couple of doors away from where they were got to see some of that traffic, if they were looking… so turn on encryption!

I think I’ve covered everything here, but if you’ve got any questions, feel free to ask in the comments below, or send me an e-mail to jon@sprig.gs and I’ll see what I can do to help!

Broadcom BCM43228 and recent Linux support

I have an Acer V5-171 laptop, with a BCM43228 802.11a/b/g/n wireless network adaptor. In Ubuntu 12.04 and 12.10, I had absolutely no issues with my wireless connectivity. I upgraded to Ubuntu 13.04, and the wifi device dropped out.

I fixed the wifi by performing the following command (found via this forum post):

sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source

I’d had a few issues with my Ubuntu install – mostly due to tinkering, so I thought I’d give a few other distributions a shot. Unfortunately, the state of the support of this driver was even worse on the others I installed.

Sabayon 13.04 (note, this is from memory!): You need to edit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf and uncomment the blacklisting of the b43 module. You need to comment the blacklisting of the 5 or so modules above it (mostly to enable the “wl” module). While this brought the NIC up, it didn’t survive an upgrade of packages, and by this point I’d spent about 2 days on it, so I was getting ratty, and wanted to try something else.

Fedora 18: Also didn’t work – I checked this distro because of my issues with Sabayon, but I figured that as it wasn’t working, perhaps there was something fundamental going on – probably either installing a package, or blacklisting a module would have solved this – I won’t know now!

OpenSUSE 12.3: I finally settled on installing OpenSUSE after I’d realised my issues were just with the module and not the distribution. I’d considered running OpenSUSE for some time and thought I’d give it a shot. I found a post (which I’ve subsequently lost) which showed that the package wasn’t installed by default to support this adaptor, so I found this page which listed both the relevant kernel module (in my case the x86_64 12.3 package) and the matching software package. As I was doing the install semi-offline (I can’t tether my phone to the laptop right now, and had no wired access) I transferred the relevant RPMs over, and installed them using rpm (the RedHat/Fedora/OpenSUSE/etc package manager). Wireless came up, but I’m missing certain APs – probably a configuration item that I’ve not yet fixed. It’s not disastrous, but is annoying :)

A quick update

So, my last post ended with me sacking it all in. Fortunately for open source, and my projects in general, a few people stepped up and reminded me why I do this stuff. So, CCHits is still going, and I don’t feel as alone any more with it (which is nice :) ) and CFM development is back on the cards. MOTP-AS is still a bit on hiatus until I get my head around a MVC framework (I’m currently using ZF2 in CFM3).

What is really nice about where I am right now is that I’m learning stuff about the tools I’m using, so it’s not all focusing on stuff which isn’t working, and is instead focusing on the shiny :)

I’ll try and get some posts about Vagrant, Puppet, and ZF2 out as I discover non-trivial stuff about it :)

The Apathy of the Lone Coder

I think I might be having a bit of a mid-life crisis. It’ll be my 35th birthday this year, and I’ve started to realise that I don’t really want to do much more of the Open Source’y stuff that I’ve been a part of for the past 10 or so years.

Don’t get me wrong. This isn’t me saying I want to hang up my linux user hat, put away the android phone, wipe the PHP manuals from my kindle or return an HTTP 410 code for everything I’ve ever published… but it’s getting close.

The rot has been setting in for some time.

November 2011 was the “first birthday” of CCHits.net – I’d planned to have my site-wide re-write of the whole code base ready for the birthday, but frankly, I’d massively underestimated the amount of work involved, so it wasn’t ready for November. As it was, a critical failure on my web host prompted me to “make” the rewrite work in April – nearly half a year after it was supposed to be in by. I’m not at all happy with the site layout, the way the tracks are build, the lack of adoption of the service by any other podcasters than the three who currently submit to the site (no criticisms there for anyone else, just a frustration really) and, well, the fact it never really achieved the vision I had for it.

In April, I helped to organise UCubed – a one day unconference about Linux and Open Source [1], held at MadLab, Manchester. We put less effort into organising it than we had the last few times, I pretty much wimped out on the day, taking my son to his swimming lesson (which meant leaving two hours after the event started, and returning an hour before it finished), and after the event, I felt like all I’d done was go to get the refreshments.

In July and August, I pulled a lot of 2 and 3AM finishes to get CampFireManager ready for OggCamp. I had some solid support from a guy called Jack who committed a load of great code to the project, plus loads of encouragement from the organisation team for OggCamp, the big day came, and, well, let’s just say there were issues. Quite a lot of issues really. I missed all of both mornings of talks because I was fire fighting those issues, and on the second day, I was held up as an example of “why not to code something instead of just doing it”. I had a top notch PHP engineer [2] sitting next to me while I was looking through issues, and even though I’ve gone through the theory of how the site works with her before, she couldn’t get her head around it. OK, I was skimming through the code pretty fast and I know most of it like the back of my hand so I knew roughly where code had gone and was going to next but still… code is code, right? Not if it’s crap code with unusual structure, insufficient testing, incomprehensible logic and, well, it’s just crap…

Before OggCamp, I inadvertently became the project lead for something I still don’t fully understand (although I’m a lot closer on it, to be fair): MOTP-AS. An implementation of the Mobile One Time PIN algorithm, written in PHP, tied up to a FreeRadius Server with a pretty web UI to give something a bit like RSA SecurID Authentication Manager server. Essentially, I made some suggestions on how to improve the code, and was told “Well, actually, we were pretty much going to kill off the project after the next release – do you want to take it over?” and I, in hindsight, stupidly said “Oh, OK”. I said that from October, I’d have “loads” of time, and was going to re-write the code base using Object Oriented principals, was going to roll in Unit Testing, PHPDocumentor and, theoretically, move to using a sensible framework to render the whole thing.

The hindsight thing I mentioned there? On the 28th August, my father passed away. I’ve not really talked about it much on Social Media. It’s a pretty hard thing to do, as it may mean airing an awful lot of dirty laundry as a result, but I guess the outcome of that was that I’ve been spending a lot more time away from my home, staying instead at my fathers home where I have been clearing it to sell it, and when I’ve not been away from home, I’ve wanted to spend more time with Jules and Daniel.

The first couple of trips down to my Dad’s house were on the train. I tried to break open a text editor and start turning out reusable PHP which I could form into something in MOTP-AS, but let’s be serious about this, it was like trying to read a book in the same circumstances – you just keep reading the same page over and over again, but nothing “right” comes out the other side. I’ve not had the enthusiasm to even start to look at that project since then.

Everyone I was working with – CCHits, CampFireManager, MOTP-AS – all knew I was offline, and would be “for some time”, but the funk that set in on that train hasn’t shifted yet, and I still can’t work out if it’s something to do with my Dad, or just the fact that I’m not really feeling the code right now.

At a recent PHPNW session, Lorna said (although I am paraphrasing) that most of my bad practices come from a lack of exposure to other PHP developers, and that working as part of a team towards something would help. My day job has nothing to do with coding (and there’s no scope to bring it into my role, and the few times I’ve tried to bring it in, it’s caused me more issues with my work than if I hadn’t) and 5% to do with open source software (the 5% is due to the OS that many of the devices we support are RedHat, BSD or Solaris based). I don’t want to, and can’t afford to make a career change now (aside from anything else, I still love my job, especially what I’m doing at the moment) to get that experience, and I’m getting closer and closer to burning out on the projects I’m involved in – just because there’s no one else who understands it like I do… which is sad.

When I do start to code in the evenings, what I tend to do is think of something I’d like to write (yep, starting a new project will fix *everything* Jon!), open my IDE, try and work out what I want to learn to use this time, and start reading the documentation for it… and not actually start working on the project. And then 2 hours have passed, I’ve done nothing, and frankly I could do with going to bed.

So, how do I beat this apathy folks. Is there anyone out there who can help?

I think if I’ve not sorted something out by June, I’ll close down CCHits.net. It’s been a great blast, but I’m so nervous of something going wrong with the system and it collapsing like a pack of cards… which is a real shame as HPR [3] have just said they’ll be running the daily shows in their Icecast server when “real” feeds aren’t being streamed, that and I love discovering, or re-discovering the music which is played through the system.

Likewise, I think I’ll probably try and find someone to hand CFM over to during OggCamp this year, and if I can’t find someone to hand it over to, I’ll shut it down. Again, it’s been fun, but I don’t need 2 months of sleepless nights and 2 days of sheer panic for something which ultimately could be replaced by a sheet of paper and some post-it notes.

Of all of the projects I’ve mentioned, the MOTP-AS part is most likely to be something of use to me in my day job (which was, in fact, how I came across it… for our lab network), so I might make more of an effort with that, but again, I really can’t see me being happy with it at the end of it all.

[1] It used to be about more than that, but frankly, it’s what it turned into.
[2] Plug for that top notch PHP engineer who, fortunately for me, was happy (or if not actually happy, appeared to be happy enough) to be an observer, a person to bounce ideas off, a muse and cheerleader (sort-of) for those two days of hell – http://LornaJane.net
[3] HackerPublicRadio.net – a podcast network made up from individual posts by the community.

Creative Commons made it easy to start CCHits.net

“It’s always hard to talk about a project you’ve started. The inspiration for projects can come from a hundred different places and none of those are the key to why the project happened. CCHits.net is no different, but this post is here to talk about why CCHits.net (henceforth referred to as “CCHits”) came about and why Creative Commons plays so much of a part in how it all got started.”

To read more – see my guest blog entry on the Creative Commons UK Blog.

Building a WPA2 Protected Wireless Access Extender for Jogglers using Ubuntu 12.04

Shesh! What a lot of keywords in the title!

For those who don’t know what some of those key words were, I’ll break down the title

  • Ubuntu is a Linux distribution, and 12.04 is the version number of the latest Long Term Stable version.
  • Joggler is the name of a device sold by O2 a couple of years ago. It is a re-branded OpenPeak tablet.
  • A Wireless Access Extender is a device like a WiFi enabled router, but it uses the same DHCP pool and should use the same SSID name and WPA2 passphrase.
  • WPA2 is the latest incarnation of the WiFi security protocol. It is currently (at this time, as far as I know) uncracked, unlike WPA1 or WEP.

So, now that we know what I’m talking about, let’s look at what components we will be using today.

  • An O2 Joggler. EBay lists them from between £30 and £100. They originally sold for around £100, but got popular when O2 dropped the price to £50. They are no longer available for sale from O2, hence EBay.
  • A wired network connection. I’m using a pair of Ethernet over Power (or “HomePlug”) devices to let me position this device in a useful place in my house. I’ve had a lot of success with the 200M devices sold by 7DayShop.com, but if I were buying new today, I’d probably stretch up to the 500M devices, as they will be Half Duplex (like a narrow street permitting traffic only one way at a time), and will loose some data due to interference and “collisions” – where two devices on the Ethernet over Power “network” are talking at the same time. Ultimately, you won’t get the equivalent to 100M Full Duplex with the 200M devices, but should do with the 500M devices.
  • A USB stick. This needs to be 4Gb or greater, but not all devices are suitable. I bought some 4Gb sticks from 7DayShop.com and found they only actually held around 3.5Gb… making them unsuitable. I bought three 8Gb sticks from 7DayShop.com, but only used one for this task!
  • A Ubuntu 12.04 install. Actually, I used the Xubuntu 12.04 image, because I didn’t need everything that Ubuntu 12.04 gave me. This is a special non-official build of Xubuntu, customised for Joggler hardware and it’s touchscreen, and is what I’ll be moving all my Jogglers in the house to, eventually, however, the principals in making all of this stuff work will apply just as much to Ubuntu as it would Xubuntu – special build or not!
  • Once installed, you’ll use a combination of VNC and SSH to manage your device, these will be through the X11VNC project and OpenSSH-Server. You should have an SSH client (for Linux/Mac, ssh should be fine, for Windows, use PuTTY) and a VNC client (for Ubuntu, I use Remmina, for Windows, I use TightVNC).

So, you’ve got all your goodies, and you’re ready to go. Let’s do this!

  1. Transfer the Xubuntu image to the USB stick. This is a simple task, and is clearly documented on the site where I got the Xubuntu image from, and involves you copying the image directly to the USB stick, not to one of it’s partitions. It sounds complicated, it really isn’t.
  2. Stick the Xubuntu stick into the side of the Joggler. Get used to that shape, as it’s going to be in the side of that from now on. This is because the Linux distribution needs more than the 1Gb that the Joggler holds internally.
  3. Plug in the HomePlug device – make it as close to the wall as you can make it! I’ve had experience of it being three 4way plug strips away from the wall and it worked fine, but I’ve also had the same HomePlug only one 4way away, and it’s completely failed to work, and had to juggle all my sockets to get it plugged directly into the wall. I think it may be down to the number of “noisy” plugs in the same 4way, but I can’t be sure. Just experiment!
  4. Plug your Ethernet cable between the HomePlug and the Joggler.
  5. Power on the Joggler. It will start up with an O2 logo (or possibly an “OpenPeak” logo – depends on when the device was manufactured)  – sometimes either of these may corrupt or show with a big white block as it’s booting. Don’t worry too much about this, we’ll stay away from the boot screen as much as possible! :)
  6. Once you get to a blue screen with icons on it – this is Xubuntu (well, actually XFCE4, but the semantics are moot really). Click on the blue spot in the top left corner of the screen – it may be a little fiddly – and select Ubuntu Software Centre.
  7. Open the “Florence” keyboard – found by pressing the small grid icon near the clock in the top right corner of the screen. If you struggle with this keyboard (I did), you may find it easier to use the “OnBoard” keyboard, found through the applications menu (again, via the blue button in the top corner).
  8. Select the Search box in the Software Centre and search for OpenSSH-Server. Click on the only entry which comes back (you need to search for the exact term) and then click install. While that’s installing, click on the two arrows icon in the top right corner, and select Connection Information. Make a note of the IP address you have received. Once it’s finished installing you can move away to something a little more comfortable to work on your Joggler!
  9. SSH to your Joggler’s IP address – the username for the device is “joggler” and the password is also “joggler”. All of the following you’ll need to be root for. I always use the following line to become root:
    sudo su -
  10. The wireless driver that is installed by default on the Jogglers don’t support “Master” mode – the mode you need to be a wifi access point or extender, so you’ll need to change the wireless driver. Thanks to this post, we know that you edit the file /etc/modprobe.d/joggler.conf and move the comment symbol (#) from before the line blacklist rt2870sta to the line blacklist rt2800usb. It should look like this after you’re done:
    # blacklist rt2800usb
    blacklist rt2870sta
  11. We need to bridge the wlan0 and eth0 interfaces.
    1. Install bridge-utils using apt-get install.
    2. Now we’ll start to configure the bridge. Edit /etc/network/interfaces to create your bridge interfaces.
      auto lo
      iface lo inet loopback
      
      auto eth0
      iface eth0 inet manual
      
      auto wlan0
      iface wlan0 inet manual
          pre-up service hostapd start
          post-up brctl addif br0 wlan0
      
      auto br0
      iface br0 inet dhcp
          bridge_ports eth0 wlan0
          pre-up iptables-restore -c < /etc/iptables.rules
          post-down iptables-save -c > /etc/iptables.rules

      If you want to use a static IP address instead of a DHCP one, then change the last block (auto br0; iface br0 inet dhcp) to the following (this assumes your network is a 192.168.0/24 with .1 as your router to the outside world):

      auto br0
      iface br0 inet static
          bridge_ports eth0 wlan0
          address 192.168.0.2
          broadcast 192.168.0.255
          netmask 255.255.255.0
          gateway 192.168.0.1
    3. Setup /etc/sysctl.conf to permit forwarding of packets. Find, and remove the comment symbol (#) from the line which looks like this:
      # net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
    4. Create your initial /etc/iptables.rules (this is based on details from this page) and then “restore” them using iptables.
      *filter
      :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
      :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
      :OUTPUT ACCEPT [1:81]
      -A FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
      -A FORWARD -m state --state INVALID -j DROP
      -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
      -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o wlan0 -j ACCEPT
      COMMIT
    5. Check the iptables have restored properly by running iptables -L -v which should return the following data:
      # iptables -L -v
      Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
       pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
      
      Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
       pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
          0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  any    any     anywhere             anywhere             state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
          0     0 DROP       all  --  any    any     anywhere             anywhere             state INVALID
          0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  wlan0  eth0    anywhere             anywhere
          0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  eth0   wlan0   anywhere             anywhere            
      
      Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
       pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
  12. Now you’ve got a bridged interface, and your wifi adaptor is ready to go, let’s get the DHCP relay in and working right.
    1. apt-get install dhcp3-relay
    2. It’ll ask you where to forward the DHCP requests to – that is your current gateway – if you have your network as 192.168.0.0/24 with the gateway as .1, then it should be 192.168.0.1.
    3. Next, it’ll ask which interfaces to listen on – this is br0.
    4. The last screen asks for some options to configure – this is “-m forward” (without the quote marks).
  13. Last thing to do, we need to configure something to listen on the wifi interface to provide the Access Point facility to your device. This is “hostapd”.
    1. apt-get install hostapd
    2. zcat /usr/share/doc/hostapd/examples/hostapd.conf.gz > /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
    3. Edit /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf replacing the following config items:
      FROM: # driver = hostapd
      TO:   driver = nl80211
      FROM: #country_code = US
      TO:   country_code = GB
      FROM: hw_mode = a
      TO:   hw_mode = g
      FROM: channel = 60
      TO:   channel = 12
      FROM: #ieee80211n = 1
      TO:   ieee80211n = 1
      FROM: #wpa = 1
      TO:   wpa = 2
      FROM: #wpa_passphrase=secret passphrase
      TO:   wpa_passphrase=MySecretPassword
      FROM: #wpa_pairwise = TKIP CCMP
      TO:   wpa_pairwise = TKIP CCMP
    4. Edit /etc/default/hostapd amending the DAEMON_CONF line to show /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf

Reboot, and your access point should come to life! Huzzah!! Initially it’ll have the SSID of “test” (it’s in /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf as the config line “ssid = test”) but you should probably change it to the same SSID as your main router. If you do that, ensure your WPA passphrase is the same as your main router too, otherwise your network will get very confused!

So, now you’ve got an Access extender, running Ubuntu… what else could you do with it? Well, I run one of two things on all of mine – sqeezeplay or vlc monitoring a webcam. All very useful stuff, and stuff I was doing with it before it was an access extender!

Submitting tracks and shows to CCHits.net

I’ve been on a few podcasts to talk about CCHits.net, and people always ask how to submit tracks to CCHits.net. It used to be pretty complicated. Well, ok, not *that* complicated, but enough that it put some people off.

One of the major things I wanted to do with the re-write was to make it so anyone can submit a track to CCHits.net. Of course, it still has this reputation for being a bit difficult to get tracks in there, so I thought I’d document just how simple it actually is!

So, first things first. Go to http://cchits.net/admin and register yourself. CCHits.net uses OpenID for authentication, and I’ve picked three of the major OpenID providers as simple one-click buttons to register and later login with. Basically, OpenID asks the referring site to confirm you are a user on their system, and to return a unique value for you as a user on their service. CCHits.net requests only two details from that provider – your e-mail address (if you have it stored with that provider, and you permit the site to have it – although not all providers will provide that restriction), and a “secret key” which only CCHits.net and that provider know, so the next time you login with OpenID to CCHits.net – it’ll know it’s you coming back.

So, click on a button to login, assuming you have an account on one of the three main services, but if not, you may find this page from OpenID.net to be useful! To ensure the quality of tracks submitted is relatively good, CCHits.net verifies each submitter. This is done by sending an e-mail to show@cchits.net, quoting your UserID (as shown below)

I’ll then probably ask you a few questions, and mark your account to get access to the admin areas. Let’s assume that I’ve let you in!

For the purposes of this post, I’m submitting tracks to the site based on plays from a fantastic new show “Listener Feedback”. These tracks were played on a recent show where they reviewed the album “Doctor X” by “Fresh Body Shop”. They played 3 tracks, and here I’ll walk you through submitting the first of these tracks, and what that gives you.

After you log back in, you’ll get to the “Admin” page. From here you’ll initially want to use the “Retrieve or Upload a track” button, and complete the Track URL, but if you’ve been supplied an MP3, OGG (OGG Vorbis aka OGG Audio or OGA) or MP4 Audio track, you can browse to that file and submit it too. Bear in mind that CCHits.net makes every track it has available to it, available to anyone to download, so if you’ve been given a pre-release track, or the file should only be downloaded from the artist’s website – it shouldn’t be submitted to CCHits.net. We do encourage visitors to download from the originating site, but in cases where the site is not available, or the user just can’t be bothered, they can get the file from the site.

In the above box, you’d put the URL to get to the track and hit “Retrieve”. Just under the “Retrieve” button is a list of sites that CCHits.net currently understands how to retrieve data from – if the url isn’t on that list, you’ll have to upload the file yourself. The tracks at ListenerFeedback.net, while they refer to the MySpace URL for the artist, are actually available from Jamendo.com – so let’s find the first track from the show. The below screen shot shows the artist, album and tracks – the first track is called “Can’t get enough”

Let’s look for it on Jamendo.

Found it! We need the URL from the top there. Copy & paste it into CCHits.net, then hit Retrieve.

In this case, Fresh Body Shop have been played before, so CCHits.net compares a few different things, and asks whether this is the same artist that has been played before. Click “Select this artist” to put the artist into the site.

It’s a bit hard to make out all the details in the below screenshot, but notice there are a few interesting things.

  • Track and Artist names and URLs have three columns to use – “Set Default”, “Add new value” and “Delete value”. To enable track and artist matching, you can specify several alternative names and URLs for artists and tracks – for example, if the artist’s name is “An Artist” and the track is listed as “An Artist’s Debut Track – A Track!”, you should probably add the track name “A Track!”, and make that the default. Don’t remove it, otherwise the next time the track is added (if it is!), it might not be picked up by the de-duplicator. Likewise, if you’ve found a few different places to download a track from, add them all to the Track URLs, but pick one URL as the default – preferably one which the band tends to favour, or which would encourage the fans to donate money to them.
  • There’s a “Track Name Sounds” and “Artist Name Sounds” – these are because the system uses a text-to-speech engine to render the daily, weekly and monthly shows. It can’t just assume that the pronunciation is as-per the title or name, especially if there are abbreviations like “feat” or if this is a remix or version – for example “A Track (2012 Remix)” should be listed as “The 2012 remix of A Track”, or “A Track (feat. Joe Bloggs)” should be listed as “A Track, featuring Joe Bloggs”.
  • Lastly, there’s a “Not Safe For Work” flag. I am a father of a young child, and I want to be sure that any track I play for him is either work/family safe, or I at least know it’s a little raw before he hears it. This means that I’d like you to flag anything which contains swearing, makes reference to drugs or firearms, or strongly suggests sexual activity (including moans and grunts!). This doesn’t mean the tracks won’t be played – far from it, but it does mean that before these tracks are played, a little notice is played to say that it may not be considered work or family safe – it just gives people a chance to skip on for now!

Next to each of these fields is a “Go” button – click on that for each edit you make. If you’re just submitting tracks to CCHits.net – your work here is done! Excellent work, thanks for your help. You can see towards the end of this post what these tracks look like when they’re done. If you’re a podcaster or radio presenter, and want to show you played this track on one of your shows, you should click the button next to “Associate this track with a show”.

We’ll get some details to populate the show details on the site. Here is the Listener Feedback page we want to link to. As a minimum we need the URL for the show, but usually there is also a show title, so let’s capture that as well.

Let’s transfer those details into the “Add a track to a show” page. As this is the first track we’re putting in the show, we need to create the show. Put the details in, and click Go. Later tracks will list the show name and URL as non-editable fields, plus the “Go” button at the end of the line.

And that’s it, you’re done with that track. As I mentioned, this episode featured three tracks, so after submitting all of those three, after each track, you get the next screen shot, listing the tracks in the order you’ve played them (you’ll see why in a bit) including buttons to move them up, down and remove them from the show, an edit button for the track, and a vote URL. The Vote URL can be included in your show notes, if you want to point people back to CCHits.net – obviously, you may not be able to, or you may choose to keep your traffic on your own site – it’s entirely up to you – there are no requirements on you to tell people about CCHits, but you’ll get more from the site if you do (after all, we track vote clicks, so you can see whether your tracks are popular with your listeners from the show page).

Should you list the vote URL, and someone clicks on that link? Here’s what they’ll see.

And if they click “I like it”? Where to find out more about the artist (their default URL) and the track (the default URL), and the show notes for your show. They see the number of votes it’s received and the license it was released under, other shows it has been on, and most importantly for tracks from a show, the tracks which come before and after this one.

If you send someone to just the show page, you can see the show name, the details about the track and an “I like this track” button to vote on it. There’s also a QR code to take the listener to more details about the track but without making them vote on it. It also allows them to send their friends to the track if they like it. I realise this is one aspect of the site which needs some work, so if you’re a web developer and can help out, please get in touch!

If you visit the track, you’ll see the sharing QR code, the links to the track and artist, a vote button, details about the votes this track has received, plus details about the adjustments which are made (you’ll have to click through to the FAQ to find out more!). There’s information about the chart position, about where to download the file from, the license, and where else the track has been played on, and the split of votes for that track on those shows. Early votes on the site were not properly tracked, which is why this track in particular has lots of votes for “Non-show votes”, when they were probably daily show votes!

As an submitter on the same page, you’ll see a couple of other links. Notice the track URL is exactly the same! You get to edit the track with the track editor you saw above, and you get to add that track to your own show. If you inadvertently add a track that has already been played before, the site tries several different ways to catch this, and let you use the previously uploaded track in it’s place, via this very link here!

If you want to see all your shows, from the admin page, click on the “Show a list of the shows I created” button

To see your shows!

I hope you’ve found this useful, and consider submitting tracks to CCHits.net